DocumentDB SQL – 来自子句
DocumentDB SQL – 来自子句
在本章中,我们将介绍 FROM 子句,它的工作方式与常规 SQL 中的标准 FROM 子句完全不同。
查询总是在特定集合的上下文中运行,并且不能跨集合内的文档进行连接,这让我们想知道为什么需要 FROM 子句。事实上,我们没有,但如果我们不包含它,那么我们将不会查询集合中的文档。
该子句的目的是指定查询必须操作的数据源。通常整个集合是源,但也可以指定集合的一个子集。FROM <from_specification> 子句是可选的,除非源在查询的后面被过滤或投影。
让我们再看一次同一个例子。以下是AndersenFamily文档。
{ "id": "AndersenFamily", "lastName": "Andersen", "parents": [ { "firstName": "Thomas", "relationship": "father" }, { "firstName": "Mary Kay", "relationship": "mother" } ], "children": [ { "firstName": "Henriette Thaulow", "gender": "female", "grade": 5, "pets": [ { "givenName": "Fluffy", "type": "Rabbit" } ] } ], "location": { "state": "WA", "county": "King", "city": "Seattle" }, "isRegistered": true }
以下是SmithFamily文档。
{ "id": "SmithFamily", "parents": [ { "familyName": "Smith", "givenName": "James" }, { "familyName": "Curtis", "givenName": "Helen" } ], "children": [ { "givenName": "Michelle", "gender": "female", "grade": 1 }, { "givenName": "John", "gender": "male", "grade": 7, "pets": [ { "givenName": "Tweetie", "type": "Bird" } ] } ], "location": { "state": "NY", "county": "Queens", "city": "Forest Hills" }, "isRegistered": true }
以下是WakefieldFamily文档。
{ "id": "WakefieldFamily", "parents": [ { "familyName": "Wakefield", "givenName": "Robin" }, { "familyName": "Miller", "givenName": "Ben" } ], "children": [ { "familyName": "Merriam", "givenName": "Jesse", "gender": "female", "grade": 6, "pets": [ { "givenName": "Charlie Brown", "type": "Dog" }, { "givenName": "Tiger", "type": "Cat" }, { "givenName": "Princess", "type": "Cat" } ] }, { "familyName": "Miller", "givenName": "Lisa", "gender": "female", "grade": 3, "pets": [ { "givenName": "Jake", "type": "Snake" } ] } ], "location": { "state": "NY", "county": "Manhattan", "city": "NY" }, "isRegistered": false }
在上面的查询中,“ SELECT * FROM c ”表示整个 Families 集合是要枚举的源。
子文件
源也可以减少到更小的子集。当我们只想检索每个文档中的一个子树时,子根可以成为源,如以下示例所示。
当我们运行以下查询时 –
SELECT * FROM Families.parents
将检索以下子文档。
[ [ { "familyName": "Wakefield", "givenName": "Robin" }, { "familyName": "Miller", "givenName": "Ben" } ], [ { "familyName": "Smith", "givenName": "James" }, { "familyName": "Curtis", "givenName": "Helen" } ], [ { "firstName": "Thomas", "relationship": "father" }, { "firstName": "Mary Kay", "relationship": "mother" } ] ]
作为这个查询的结果,我们可以看到只检索到父子文档。